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文件管理

muCommander：跨平台的免费文件管理工具

MuCommander

上一篇博文 “文件管理器跨平台解决方案 @ 软言软语” 介绍了一些 Windows 与 Mac 平台上常用的文件管理器，但却没有推荐 muCommander。当时主要是考虑 muCommander 作为一款 Java 程序，其在 Mac 上的运行效率一般，而又在软言软语的 Windows XP 上无法启动，因此也没有过多的去关注。不过软言软语曾在第一篇文章 “Windows & Mac 跨平台免费软件推荐 @ 软言软语” 中提到过该软件是一款完全跨平台且免费的软件。然而在上篇文章的留言中，网友 Yibie 与 Alwaysup 都提到了 muCommander 软件，尤其如 Alwaysup 所说，muCommander 为使用者在不同平台上提供了相同的操作体验，也可以看出 muCommander 还是有一定的用户群的，因此决定写一篇相关的介绍文章，来让大家（也包括软言软语）对其有更多的认识，也算是对上一篇博文的补充。

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一、muCommander 简介

muCommander 作为一款免费的跨平台文件管理工具，有着诸多优点：

  • 跨平台。支持 Windows，Linux，Debian，Mac OS X，BSD等（支持 Java 即可），而且还可以在你的浏览器中运行（有兴趣的点此），
  • 多服务支持。能够连接 FTP，SFTP，SMB，NFS，HTTP 以及 Bonjour，但不支持 WebDAV；
  • 基本文件操作。快速复制，移动，文件重命名，创建文件夹，通过 Email 发送文件等；
  • 压缩文件支持。浏览，创建及解压缩 ZIP，TAR，GZip，BZip2，ISO/NRG，AR/Deb 和 LST 等格式文件;
  • ZIP 文件操作。能够像操作文件夹中的内容一样来修改 Zip 包内的文件而无须重新压缩；
  • 书签及凭证管理。可以将常用的路径作为书签来访问，也可以保存包括 FTP 用户名和密码在内的连接凭证等;
  • 多窗口支持；
  • 全键盘操作。几乎所有的功能都可以通过键盘来实现，点击右键时就能看到相应的功能后有快捷键可供使用；
  • 高度可定制。muCommander 本身自带了几种外观主题，除此之外也允许使用者定制自己的主题来美化界面，并且设置中的选项繁多，可以定制的内容相应的也很丰富。
  • 多语言支持。目前支持22种语言，包括简体中文和繁体中文。
  • 免费。muCommander 遵循 GPL v3 协议，有兴趣的用户可以去其网站下载源代码。
  • 内置快速查看器。

二、操作界面

muCommander

主窗口

muCommander

快速查看器

muCommander

FTP 窗口

三、快捷键操作

(1). 导航

  1. Alt + F1 ：变更左侧面板路径 （路径列表打开）
  2. Alt + F2 ：变更右侧面板路径（路径列表打开）
  3. Ctrl + G ：改变当前位置（定位到地址栏）
  4. Tab / Shift + Tab ：在左右面板间切换
  5. Backspace / ← ：回到上层文件夹
  6. Enter / –> ：进入文件夹 / 压缩包 / 执行
  7. Shift + Enter ：使用系统关联的程序打开选中的文件
  8. Ctrl + L ：在 Windows Explorer 中打开当前文件夹
  9. ESC ：取消变更路径操作
  10. Home ：选择当前文件夹中的第一项
  11. End ：选择当前文件夹中的最后一项

(2). 选择

  1. ~ / Insert ：标记 /取消标记选定的文件
  2. 数字键盘+ ：成组标记文件
  3. 数字键盘- ：成组取消标记文件
  4. Ctrl + A ：全选
  5. Ctrl + D ：取消全选
  6. 数字键盘* ：反转选择
  7. Ctrl + C ：复制文件
  8. Shift + Alt + C ：复制路径
  9. Ctrl + V ：粘贴文件
  10. Ctrl + M ：比较文件夹

(3). 快速搜索（按下任意字符键启动）

  1. ↑ ：转到上一个符合条件的结果
  2. ↓ ：转到下一个符合条件的结果
  3. Backspac ：删除快速搜索字符串中的最后一个字符
  4. Insert ：选定 / 取消选定当前文件并转到下一个符合条件的结果
  5. ESC ：取消快速搜索

(4). 文件操作

  1. F3 ：查看选择的文件（夹）
  2. F4 ：编辑选择的文件（夹）
  3. F5 ：复制选择的文件 （夹）
  4. Shift + F5 ：复制选择的文件（夹）到当前文件夹中
  5. F6 ：移动选择的文件（夹）
  6. Shift + F6 ：重命名选择的文件（夹）
  7. F7 ：在当前路径新建文件夹
  8. Shift + F7 ：在当前路径新建文件
  9. Delete / F8 ：可能的话将选择的文件删除到垃圾桶中
  10. F9 ：刷新当前文件夹
  11. Ctrl + K ：连接到远程服务器
  12. Shift + Ctrl + K ：显示已打开的连接
  13. Ctrl + R ：在当前路径运行命令
  14. Ctrl + I ：将选择的文件（夹）压缩成包文件
  15. Ctrl + P ：解压缩选择的文件
  16. Ctrl + S ：作为邮件的附件发送选择的文件
  17. Ctrl + B ：将当前路径添加到书签列表中
  18. Ctrl + Shift + B ：浏览书签
  19. Alt + Enter ：显示选择的文件（夹）属性

(5). 查看

  1. Alt + ← ：转到前一个文件夹（后退）
  2. Alt + → ：转到下一个文件夹 （前进）
  3. Ctrl + F3 ：按扩展名排序
  4. Ctrl + F4 ：按文件名排序
  5. Ctrl + F5 ：按文件大小排序
  6. Ctrl + F6 ：按日期排序
  7. Ctrl + U ：交换左右文件夹
  8. Ctrl + E ：同步两侧面板路径（以当前活动面板一侧为基准）

(6). 窗口

  1. Ctrl + N ：打开一个新窗口
  2. F10  ：关闭当前窗口
  3. Ctrl + ← ：转到前一个窗口
  4. Ctrl + → ：转到下一个窗口
  5. Ctrl + 1 ：转到 1 号窗口
  6. Ctrl + 2 ：转到 2 号窗口
  7. Ctrl + 0 ：转到 10 号窗口
  8. Ctrl + Q ：退出

四、总结

从总体使用上来看，muCommander 还是十分方便易用的，含有大量的快捷键，对于喜欢使用全键盘操作的用户来说尤其便利，而且大部分快捷键跟其他文件管理器近似，这也降低了从其他产品转换过来的用户使用难度。另外，类似于 TC 的快速搜索（不支持中文），文件编辑，文件查看器，FTP  客户端等实用功能也为其增色不少。至于软言软语当初遇到的无法启动的问题，似乎是因为最初用的是 Nightly Build 版造成的，在使用 0.8.3 正式版后，启动非常迅速，运行也很稳定，只是在打开拥有较多文件的文件夹时会有一段时间的停顿，甚至假死。但瑕不掩瑜，muCommander 还是一款相当不错的文件管理软件，对于想要在跨平台中有相同操作体验的用户值得推荐，而对于一般用户来说也是一个不错的免费选择。

五、推荐阅读

  1. muCommander
  2. muCommander FAQ @ muCommander
  3. muCommander Screenshots @ muCommander
  4. muCommander Forum @ muCommander

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